King of Assyria and suzerain of Babylonia (668-627). The Akkadian form of his name is Aššur-bāni-apli. Assurbanipal had to quell the so-called Great Babylonian Rebellion (652-648) led by his brother with Elamite support. In the aftermath, Assurbanipal appointed a new puppet-king over Babylon. Meanwhile, Assurbanipal ordered the collection of scholarly and literary texts from Babylonia and their transport to Nineveh. These tablets would become part of the famous Library of Assurbanipal.